atha prathamo 'dhyaayaH

samaamnaayaH samaamnaataH | sa nyaakhyaatakyaH | tamimaM samaamnaayaM nighaNTava ityaachakshate | nighaNTavaH kasmaat.h | nigamaa ime bhavanti | chhandobhyaH samaahR^itya samaahR^itya samaamnaataaH | te nigantava eva santo nigamanaannighaNTava uchyanta ityaupamanyavaH | api vaa hananaadeva syuH | samaahataa bhavanti yadvaa samaahR^itaa bhavanti |

tad.h yaani chatvaari padjaataani naamaakhyaate chopasarganipaataashcha taaniimaani bhavanti | tatraitannaamaakhyaatayorlakshaNaM pradishanti | bhaavapradhaanamaakhyaatam.h | sattvapradhaanaani naamaani | tad.h yatrobhe bhaavapradhaane bhavataH puurvaapariibhuutaM bhaavamaakhyaatenaachashhTe |vrajati pachatiiti | upakramaprabhR^ityapavargaparyantaM bhuurtam.h sattvavhuutaM sattvanaamabhiH | vrajyaa paktiriti | ada iti sattvaanaamupadeshaH |gaurashvaH purusho hastiiti | bhavatiiti bhaavasya | aaste shete vrajati tishhThatiiti |

indriyanityaM vachanamaudumbaraayaNaH || 1 ||

tatra chaturTvaM nopapadhyate | ayugapadutpannaanaaM vaa shabdaanaabhitaretaropadeshaH | shaartrakR^ito yogashcha | vyaaptimattvaattu shabdasyaaNiiyastvaachcha shabdena saMGYaakaraNaM vyavahaaraarthaM loke | teshhaaM manushhyavad.h devataabhighaanam.h | purushhavidyaanityatvaat.h karmasaMpattirmantro vede |

shhaDbhaavavikaaraa bhavantiiti vaarshhyaayaNiH | jaayate 'sti vipariNamate vardhate 'pakshiiyate vinashhyatiiti | jaayata iti puurvabhaavasyaadimaachashhTe | naaparabhaavamaachashhTe na pratishhedhati | astiityutpannasya sattvasyaavadhaaraNam.h |vipariNamata ityaprachyavamaanasya tattvaad.h vikaaram.h | vardhata iti svaaN^gaabhyuchchayam.h | saaMyaugikaanaaM vaarthaanaam.h | vardhate vijayeneti vaa | vardhate shriireNeti vaa | apakshiiyata ityetenaiva vyaakyaataH pratilomam.h | vinashyatiityaparabhaavasyaadimaachashhTe | na puurvabhaavamaachashhTe na pratishhedhati || 2 ||

ato'nye bhaavavikaaraa eteshhaameva vikaaraa bhavantiiti ha smaaha | te yathaavachanamabhyuuhitavyaaH |

na nirbaddhaa upasargaa arthaanniraahuriti shaakaTaayanaH | naamaakhyaatayostu karmopasaMyogadyotakaa bhavanti | uchchaavachaaH padaarthaa bhavantiiti gaargyaH | tad.h ya eshhu padaarthaH praahurime taM naamaakhyaatayorarthavikaraNam.h |

aa ityarvaagarthe |pra paraa ityetasya praatilomyam.h | abhi ityaabhimukhyam.h| prati ityetasya praatilomyam.h| ati su itiyabhipuujitaarthe | nir.h dur.h ityetayoH praatilomyam.h| ni ava iti vinigrahaarthaayaay | ud.h ityetayoH praatilomyam.h | sam.h ityekiibhaavam.h | vi apa ityetasya praatilomyam.h | anu iti saadR^ishyaaparabhaavam.h |api iti saMsargam.h | upa ityupajanam.h | pari iti sarvatobhaavam.h | adhi ityuparibhaavamaishvaryaM va | evamuchchaavachaanarthaanpraahuH | ta upekshitavyaaH || 3 ||

atha nipaataa uchchaavachshhvartheshhu nipatanti | apyupamaarthe | api karmopasaMgrahaarthe | api padapuuraNaaH | teshhaamete chatvaara upamaarthe bhavanti |

iveti bhaashhaayaaM cha | anvadhyaayaM cha |

|| agniriva | indra iva | iti ||

See Rig Veda 10.84.2 & 10.106.3/agniriva, 10.84.5/indra iva, also: 10.166.2, 10.173.2.

neti pratishhedhaarthiiyo bhaashhaayaam.h | ubhayamanvadhyaayam.h |

|| nendraM devamamaMsata ||

RV 10.86.1

iti yupamaarthiiyaH | uparishhTaadupaachaarastastya yenopamimiite |

chidityeshho'nikakarmaa | aachaaryashchididaM bruyaat.h | iti puurjaayaam.h | [aachaaryaH kasmaat] aachaarya aachaaraM graahayati | aachinotyarthaan.h | aachinoti buddhimiti vaa | dadhichit.h | ityupamaarthe | krulmaashhaaH kruleshhu siidanti |

nu ityeshho'nikakarmaa | idaM nu karishhyati | iti hetvapadeshe | karthaM nu karishyati | ityanupR^ishhTe | nanvetadakaarshhiit.h | iti cha | athaapyupamaarthe bhavati |

|| vR^ikshasya nu te puruhuuta vayaaH ||

RV 6.24.3

vR^ikshasyeva te puruhuuta shaakhaaH | vayaaH shaakhaa veteH | vaataayanaa bhavanti | shaakhaaH khashayaaH | shakhotervaa |

cheti samuchchayaartha ubhaabhyaaM saMprayujyate |

|| ahaM cha tvaM cha vR^itrahan.h || iti |

RV 8.62.10

etasminnevaarthe |

|| devebhyashcha pitR^ibhya aa || ityaakaaraH |

RV 10.16.11

veti vichaaraNaarthe |

||hantaahaM pR^iithiviimimaaM ni dadhaaniiha veha vaa || iti |

RV 10.119.9

athaapi samuchchayaarthe bhavati || 4 ||

vaayurvaa tvaa manurvaa tvaa | iti |

aha iti cha ha iti cha vinigrahaarthiiyaa | puurveNa saMprayujyete | ayamahedaM karotvayamidam.h | idaM ha karishhyatiidaM na karishhyatiiti |

athaapyukaara etasminnevaartha uttareNa | mR^ishheme vadanti satyamu te vadantiiti | athaapi padapuuruNaH |

|| idamu | tadu ||

RV 6.51.1 (ZB linked)/idamu RV 1.62.6/tadu

hiityeshho'nekakarmaa | idaM hi karishhyati | iti hetvapadeshe | kathaM hi karishhyati | ityanupR^ishhTe | kathaM hi vyaakarishhyati | ityasuuyraayaam.h |

kileti vidyaaprakarshhe | evaM kileti | athaapi na nanu ityetaabhyaaM saMprayujyate'nupR^ishhTe | na kilaivam.h | nanu kilaivam.h |

meti pratishhedhe | maa kaarshhiiH | maa haarshhiiriti cha |

khalviti cha | khalu kR^itvaa | khalu kR^itam.h | athaapi padapuuraNaH | evaM khalu tad.h babhuuveti |

shashvaditi vichikitsaarthiiyo bhaashhaayaam.h | shashvadevam.h | ityanupR^ishhTe | evaM shashvat.h | ityasvayaM pR^ishhTe |

nuunamiti vichikitsaarthiiyo bhaashhaayaam.h | abhayamanvadhyaayaM vichikitsaarthiiyashva padapuuraNshva |

agastya indraaya havirniruupya marudbhyaH saMpraditsaaMchakaara | sa indra etya paridevayaaMchakre || 5 ||

|| na nuunamasti no shvaH kastadveda yadadbhutam.h |
anyasya chittamabhi saMchareNyamutaadhiitaM vinashyati ||

RV 1.170.1

na nuunamastyadyatanam.h | no eva shvastanam.h | adyaasmin.h dyavi | dyurityahno naamadheyam.h | dyetata iti sataH | shva upaashaMsaniiyaH kaalaH | hyo hiinaH kaalaH | kastadveda yadadbhutam.h | kastadveda yadabhuutam.h | idamapiitaradadbhutamabhuutamiva | anyasya chittam.h | abhisaMchareNyamabhisaMchaari | anyo naaneyaH | chittaM chetateH | utaadhiitaM vinashyatiiti | [apyaadhyaataM vinashyati] aadhyaatamabhipretam.h |

athaapi padapuuraNaH || 6 ||

||nuunaM saa te prati varaM jaritre dudiiyadindra dakshiNaa maghonii |
shikshaa stotR^ibhyo maati dhagbhago no bR^ihadvadema vidathe suviiraaH ||

RV 2.11.21

saa te patidugdhaaM varaM jaritre | varo varayitavyo bhavati |jaritaa garitaa | dakshiNaa maghonii maghavatii | maghamiti dhananaamadheyam.h | maMhaterdaanakarmaNaH |dakshiNaa dakshateH samardhayatikarmaNaH | vyR^iddhaM samardhayatiiti | api vaa pradakshiNaagamanaat.h | dishamabhipretya | digghastaprakR^itirdakshiNo hastaH | dakshaterutsaahakarmaNaH | daashatervaa syaad.h daanakarmaNaH | hasto hanteH | praashurhanane | dehi stotR^ibhyaH kaamaan.h | maasmaanatidaMhiiH | maasmaanatihaaya daaH | bhago no'stu | bR^ihadvadema sve vedane | bhago bhajateH | bR^ihaditi mahato naamadheyam.h | parivR^ihLaM bhavati | viiravantaH kalyaaNaviiraa vaa | viiro viirayatyamitraan.h | vetervaa syaadnatikarmaNaH viirayatervaa |

siimiti parigrahaarthiiyo vaa padpuuruNo vaa |

|| pra siimaadityo asR^ijat.h ||

RV 2.28.4

praasR^ijaditi vaa | praasR^ijat.h sarvata iti vaa |

|| vi siimataH surucho vena aavaH || iti cha |

vyavR^iNot.h sarvata aadityaH | surucha aadityarashmayaH | surochanaat.h |

aapi vaa siimetyetadanarthakamupabandhamaadadiita paMchamiikarmaaNam.h | siimnaH siimataH siimaato maryaadaataH | siimaa maryaadaa | vishhiivyati deshaaviti |

tva iti vinigrahaarthiiyam.h | sarvanaamaanudattam.h | ardhanaametyeke || 7 ||

|| R^icaaM tvaH poshhamaaste pupushhvaangaayatraM tvo gaayati shakvariishhu |
brahmaa tvo vadati jaatavidyaaM yaGYasya maatraaM vi mimiita u tvaH ||

RV 10.71.11

ityR^itvikkarmaNaaM viniyogamachashhTe | R^ichaamekaH poshhamaaste pupushhvaan.h | hotaa | R^igarchanii | gaayatrameko gaayati shkvariishhu | udnaataa gaayatraM gaayateH stutikarmaNaH | shakvarya R^ichaH | shaknoteH |

tad.h yadaabhirvR^itramashakaddhantuM tachchhakvariiNaaM shakvariitvaM |

iti viGYaayate | brahmaiko jaate jaate vidyaaM vadati | brahmaa | sarvavidyaH | sarvaM veditumarhati | brahmaa parivR^ihLaH shrutataH | brahma parivR^ihLaM sarvataH | yaGYasya maatraaM vimimiita ekaH | adhvaryuH | adhvaryuradhvaryuH | adhvaraM yunakti | adhvarasya netaa | adhvaraM kaamayata iti vaa | api vaadhiiyaane yurupabandhaH adhvara iti yaGYanaama | dhvaratirhiMsaakarmaa | tatpratishhedhaH |

nipaata ityeke | tatkathamanudaattaprakR^iti naama syaat.h | dR^ishhTavyayaM tu bhavati |

|| uta tvaM sakhye sthirapiitamaahuH || iti dvitiiyaayaam.h |

RV 10.71.5 Nirukta 1.20

|| uto tvasmai tanvaM 1* vi sasre || iti chaturthyaam.h |

RV 10.71.4 Nirukta 1.19

athaapi prathamaabahuvachane || 8 ||

|| akshaNvantaH karNavantaH sakhaayo manojaveshhvasamaa babhuuvuH
|| aadaghnaasa upakakshaasa u tve hradaa iiva snaatvaa u tve dadR^ishre ||

RV 10.71.7

akshimantaH karNavantaH [sakhaayaH] | akshi chashhTeH | anakterityaagraayaNaH | tasmaadete vyaktatare iva bhavataH [?] |

iti ha vikshaayate | karNaH kR^itvateH | nikR^ittadvaaro bhavati | R^ichchhaterityaagraayaNaH | R^ichchhantiiva khe udagantaam.h [?] |

iti ha vikshaayate | manasaaM prajaveshhvasamaa babhuuvuH | aasyadaghnaa apare | apakakshadaghnaa apare | aasyamasyateh | aasyandata enadannamiti vaa | daghnaM daghyateH sravatikarmaNaH | dasyatervaa syaat.h | vidastataraM bhavati | prasneyaa hradaa ivaike dadR^ishire | prasneyaa snaanaarhaaH | hrado hraadateH shabdakarmaNaH | hlaadatervaa syaachchhiitiibhaavakarmaNaH |

athaapi samuchchayaarthe bhavati | paryaayaa iva tvadaashvinam.h |

aashvinaM ca paryaayaashcheti |

atha ye pravR^itte'rthe'mitaakshareshhu grantheshhu vaakyapuuraNaa aagachchhanti padapuuraNaaste mitaakshareshhvanarthakaaH | kamiimihviti
|| 9 ||

|| nishhvakraasashchidinnaro bhuuritokaa vR^ikaadiva | bibhyasyanto vavaashire shishiraM jiivanaaya kam.h ||

shishiraM jiivanaaya | shishiraM shR^iNaateH shamnaatervaa |

|| emenaM sR^ijataa sute || aasR^ijatainaM sute |

RV 1.9.2

|| tamidvardhantu no giraH || taM vardhayantu no giraH stutayaH | giro gR^iNaateH |

RV 8.92.21 RV 9.61.14

|| ayamu te samatasi || ayaM te samatasi |

RV 1.30.4

ivo'pi dR^ishyate | su viduriva | su viGYaayete iva |

athaapi netyeshha idityetena saMprayujyate paribhaye || 10 ||

|| havirbhireke svaritaH sachante sunvanta eke savaneshhu somaan.h | shachiirmadanta uta dikshiNabhi nerajjihmaayantyo narkaM pataama || iti

narakaM nyaryakaM niicairgamanam.h | naasmin.h ramaNaM sthaanamalpamapyastiiti vaa | athaapi na chetyeshha idityetena saMprayujyate'nupR^ishhTe | na cet.h suraaM pibantiiti | suraa sunoteH evamuchchaavacheshhvartheshhu nipatanti | ta upekshitavyaaH || 11 ||

itiimaani chatvaari padajaataanyanukraantaani | naamaakhyaate chopasarganipaataashcha |

tatra naamaanyaakhyaatajaaniiti shaakaTaayano nairuktasamayashcha | na sarvaaNiiti gaargyo vaiyaakaraNaanaaM chaike tad.h yatra svarasaMskaarau samarthau praadeshikena vikaareNaanvitau syaataam.h | saMviGYaataani taani yathaa gaurashvaH purushho hastiiti |

atha chet.h sarvaaNyaakhyaatajaani naamaani syuryaH kashch tatkarma kuryaat.h sarvaM tat.h sattvaM tathaachakshiiran.h | yaH kashchiidhvaanamashnuviitaashvaH sa vacaniiyaH syaat.h | yat.h kiN^chittR^iMdyaat.h tR^iNaM tat.h |

athaapi chet.h sarvaaNyaakhyaatajaani naamaani syuryaavadbhirbhaavaiH saMprayujyeta taavadbhyo naamadheyapratilambhaH syaat.h | tatraivaM sthuuNaa darashayaa vaa saMjanii cha syaat.h || 12 ||

athaapi ya eshhaaM nyaayavaan.h kaarmanaamikaH saMskaaro yathaa chaapi pratiitaarthaani syustathainaanyaachakshiiran.h | purushhaM purishaya ityaachakshiiran.h | ashhTetyashvam.h | tardanamiti tR^iNam.h | athaapi nishhpanne'bhivyaahaare'bhivichaarayanti | prathanaatpR^ithiviityaahuH | ka enaamaprathayishhyat.h | kimaadhaarashcheti |

athaananvite'rthe'praadeshike vikaare padebhyaH padetaraardhaantsaMchaskaara shaakaTaayanaH | eteH kaaritaM cha yakaaraadiM chaantakaraNamasteH shuddhaM cha sakaaraadiM cha |

athaapi sattvapuurvo bhaava ityaahaH | aparasmaadbhaavaat.h puurvasya pradesho nopapadyata iti | tadetannopapadyate || 13 ||

yatho hi nu vaa etat.h tad.h svarasaMskaarau samarthau praadeshikena vikaareNaanvitau syaataaM sarvaM praadeshikamityevaM satyanupaalambha eshha bhavati |

yatho etad.h yaH kashcha tatkarma kuryaat.h sarvaM tat.h sattvaM tathaachakshiiranniti pashyaamaH samaanakarmaNaaM naamadheyapratilambhamekeshhaaM naikeshhaaM yathaa takshaa parivraajako jiivano bhuumija iti |

etenaivottaraH pratyuktaH |

yatho etad.h yathaa chaapi pratiitaarthaani syustatheinaanyaachakshiiranniti santyalpaprayogaaH kR^ito'pyaikapadikaa yathaa vratatirdamuunaa jaaTya aaTNaaro jaagaruuko darvihomiiti |

yatho etannishhpanno'bhivyaahaare'bhivichaarayantiiti bhavati hi nishhpanne'bhivyaahaare yogapariishhTiH | prathanaatpR^ithiviityaahuH | ka enaamaprathayishhyat.h kimaadhaarashcheti | atha vai darshanena pR^ithuH | aprathitaa cedapyanyaiH | athaapyevaM sarva eva dR^ishhTapravaadaa upaalabhyante |

yatho etatpadebhyaH padetaraardhaantsaMchaskaareti yo'nanvite'rthe saMcaskaara sa tena garhyaH | saishhaa purushhagarhaa na shaastragarhaa [iti] |

yatho etadaparasmaad.h bhaavaatpuurvasya pradesho nopapadyata iti pashyaamaH puurvotpannaanaaM sattvaanaamaparasmaadbhaavaannaamadheyapratilambhamekeshhaaM naikeshhaaM yathaa bilvaado lambachuuDaka iti | bilvaM bharaNaadvaa bhedanaadvaa || 14 ||

athaapiidamantareNa mantreshhvarthapratyayo na vidyate | arthamapratiyato naatyantaM svarasaMskaaroddeshaH | tadidaM vidyaasthaanaM vyaakaraNasya kaartsryam.h | svaarthasaadhakaM cha |

yadi mantraarthapratyayaayaanarthakaM bhavatiiti kautsaH | anarthakaa hi mantraaH | tadetenopekshitavyam.h |

niyatavaaco yuktayo niyataanupuurvyaa bhavanti |
athaapi braahmaNena ruupasaMpannaa vidhiiyante |

|| uru prathasva ||
iti prathayati|

|| prohaaNi |iti prohati |

athaapyanupapannaarthaa bhavanti |

|| oshhadhe traayasvainam.h ||

ZB 3.1.2.7

|| svadhite mainaM hiMsiiH || ityaaha hiMsan.h |

ZB 3.1.2.7, 3.6.4.10, 3.8.2.12

athaapi vipratishhiddhaarthaa bhavanti |

|| eka eva rudro'vatasthe na hvitiiyaH ||

|| asaMkhyaataa sahasraaNi ye rudraa adhi bhuumyaam.h ||

RV 2.33.14- VIA VS 16.54

|| ashatrurindra jaGYishhe ||

RV 10.133.2

|| shataM senaa ajayat.h saakamindraH || iti |

athaapi jaanantaM saMpreshhyati |

|| agnaye samidhyamaanaayaanubruuhi || iti |

athaapyaahaaditiH sarvamiti |

|| aditirdyauraditirantariksham.h || iti |

RV 1.89.10

taduparishhTaad.h vyaakhyaasyaamaH |

athaapyavispashhTaarthaa bhavanti |

|| amyak | yaadR^ishmin.h | jaarayaayi \ kaaNukaa || iti || 15 ||

RV 1.169.3/amyak RV 5.44.8/yaad . . . (cf ZB) RV 6.12.4/jaar . . . RV 8.77.4/kaaN . . .

arthavantaH shabdasaamaanyaat.h |

|| etad.h vai yaGYasya samR^iddhaM yad.h ruupasamR^iddkhaM kriyamaaNamR^igyajrvaabhivadati ||

iti cha braahmaNam.h |

|| kriilantau putrairnaptR^iibhiH || iti|

RV 10.85.42

yatho etanniyatavaaco yuktayo niyataanupuurvyaa bhavantiiti laukikeshhvapyetat| yathaa | indraagnii | pitaaputrau | iti |

yatho etad.h braahmaNena ruupasaMpannaa vidhiiyanta ityuditaanuvaadaH sa bhavati | yatho etadanupapannaarthaa bhavantiityaamnaayavachanaadahiMsaa pratiiyeta | yatho etad.h vipratishhiddhaarthaa bhavantiiti laukikeshhvapyetat.h | yathaa asapatno'yaM braahmaNaH | anamitro raajaa | iti |

yatho etajjaanantaM saMpreshhyatiiti jaanantamabhivaadayate | jaanate madhuparkaM praaha [iti] | yatho etadaditiH sarvamiti laukikeshhvapyetat.h | yathaa | sarvarasaa anupraaptaaH paaniiyam.h | iti |

yatho etadavispashhTaarthaa bhavantii ti naishha sthaaNoraparaadho yadenamandho na pashyati | purushhaaparaadhaH sa bhavati | yathaa naanapadiishhu vidyaataH parushhavisheshho bhavati paarovaryavitsu tu khalu viditR^ishhu bhuuyovidhyaah prashasyo bhavati || 16 ||

athaapiidamantareNa padavibhaago na vidyate |

|| avasaaya paddhate rudra mR^iLa || iti |

RV 10.169.1

paddhyadavasaM gaavaH pathyadanam.h | avatergatyarthasyaaso naamakaraNaH | tasmaannaavagR^ihNanti |

|| ava saayaashvaan.h || iti |

RV 1.104.1

syatirupaSR^ishhTo vimochane | tasmaadavagR^iihNanti |

||duuto nirR^iityaa idamaa jagaama || iti |

RV 10.165.1

paMchamyarthaprekshaaaa vaa | shhashhThatharthaprekshaa vaa | aahkaaraantam.h |

|| paro nirR^iityaa aa caksha || iti |

RV 10.164.1

caturthyarthaprekshaa | aikaaraantam.h | paraH sannikarshhaH saMhitaa | padaprakR^itaH saMhitaa | padaprakR^itiini sarvacharaNaanaaM paarshhadaani | athaapi yaaGYe daivatena bahavaH pradeshaa bhavanti | tadetenopekshitavyam.h | te ched.h bruuyurlaN^gaGYaa atra sma iti |

|| indraM na tvaa shavasaa devataa vaayuM pR^iiNanti || iti |

RV 6.4.7

vaayuliN^gaM chendraliN^gaM chaagneye mantre |

|| agniriva manyo tvishhitaH sahasva || iti |

RV 10.84.2See Also Nirukta 1.4

tathaagnirmaanyave mantrE | tvishhito jvalitaH | tvishhirityapyasya diiptinaama bhavati | athaapi GYaanaprashaMsaa bhavati | aGYaananindaa cha || 17 ||

|| sthaaNurayaM bhaarahaaraH kilaabhuudadhiitya vedaM na vijaanaati yo'rtham.h |
yo'rthaGYa itsakalaM bhadramakshnute naakameti GYaanavidhuutapaapmaa ||

|| yad.h gR^iihiitamaviGYaataM nigadenaiva shabdyate |
anagnaaviva shushhkaidho na tajjavalati karhichit.h ||

sthaaNustishhThateH | artho'rteH | araNastho vaa || 18 ||

||uta tvaH pashyanna dadarsha vaachamuta tvaH shR^iNvanna shR^iiNotyenaam.h |
uto tvasmai tanvaM1vi sasre jaayeva patya ushatii suvaasaaH ||

RV 10.71.4See Nirukta 1.8

apyekaH pasyanna pashyati vaacham.h | api cha shR^iNvanna shR^iNotyenaam.h | ityaviddhaaMsamaahaardham.h | apyekasmai tanvaM visasra iti svamaatmaanaM vivR^iNute | GYaanaM prakaashanamarthasyaaha | anayaa vaachaa | upamottamayaa vaachaa |jaayeva patye kaamayamaanaa suvaasaaH [R^itukaaleshhu suvaasaaH kalyaaNavaasaaH kaamayamaanaaH] | R^ittukaaleshhu yathaa sa enaaM pashyati sa shR^iNoti | ityarthaGYaprashaMsaa | tasyottaraa bhuuyase nirvachanaaya || 19 ||

||uta tvaM sakhye sthirapiitamaahurnainaM hinvantyapi vaajineshhu |
adhenvaa charati maayayeishha vaachaM shushruvaaM aphalaamaapushhpaam.h ||

RV 10.71.5 See Nirukta 1.8

apyekaM vaaksakhye | sthirapiitamaahuu ramamaaNaM vipiitaartham.h | devasakhye | ramaNiiye sthaana iti vaa |viGYaataartham.h | yaM naapnuvanti vaagGYeyeshhu balavatsvapi | adhenvaa hyeshha charati maayayaa | vaakpratiruupayaa | naasmai kaamaandugdhe vaagdohyaan.h devamanushhyasthaaneshhu yo vaachaM shrutavaan.h bhavatyaphalaamapushhpaamiti | aphalaasmaa apushhpaa vaagbhavatiiti vaa | kiMchitpushhpaphaleti vaa | arthaM vaachaH pushhpapalamaaha | yaaGYadaivate pushhpaphale | devataadhyaatme vaa |

saakshaatkR^itadharmaaNa R^ishhayo babhuuvuH | te'varebhyo'saakshaatkR^itadharmabhya upadeshena mantraansaMpraaduH | upadeshaaya glaayanto'vare bilmagrahaNaayemaM granthaM samaamnaasishhuH | vedaM cha vedaan^gaani cha | bilmaM bhilmaM bhaasanamiti vaa |

etaavantaH samaanakarmaaNo dhaatavaH | dhaaturdadhaateH | etaavantsasya sattvasya naamadheyaani | etaavataamarthaanaamidamabhidhaanam.h | naighaMTukamidaM devataanaama |praadhaanyenedamiti | tad.h yadanyadaivate mantre nipatati naighaNTukaM tat.h |

|| ashvaM na tvaa naaravantam.h ||

RV 1.27.1

ashvamiva tvaa vaalavantam.h | vaalaa daMshavaaraNaarthaa bhavanti | daMsho dashateH |

|| mR^igo na bhiimaH kR^iicharo girishhThaaH ||

RV 1.154.2RV 10.180.2

mR^iga iva bhiimaH kucharo girishhThaaH | mR^igo maarshhTergatikarmaNaH | bhiimo bibhyatyasmaat.h | bhiishhmo'pyetasmaadeva | kuchara iti charati karma kutsitam.h | atha ched.h devataabhidhaanaM | tvaayaM na charatiiti | giriishhThaa giristhaayo | giriH parvataH | samudr*iirNo bhavati | parvavaan.h parvataH | parva punaH pR^iNaateH priiNaatervaa | ardhamaasaparva | devaanasminpriiNantiiti | tat.h prakR^itiitaratsandhisaamaanyaat.h | meghasthaayo | megho'pi giriretasmaadeva |

tad.h yaani naamaani praadhaanyastutiinaaM devataanaaM tad.h daivatamityaachakshate | taduparishhTaad.h vyaakhyaasyaamaH | naighaNTukaani naigamaaniiheha || 20 ||

iti prathamo'dhyaayaH

atha dvitiiyo'dhyaayaH